arxiv
PublishedOctober 22, 2026 at 4:00 AM
Backtracking Direct, Indirect and Total Effects
Publisher summary· verbatim
arXiv:2610.28910v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Natural direct and indirect effects are defined through cross-world interventional counterfactuals. We propose an alternative construction based on backtracking counterfactuals. Rather than intervening on the treatment or mediator, we use a backtrack
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Originally published on arxiv ↗